Building material.



A. P. WHITE BUILDING MATERIAL. APPLIOATION FILED APR.4, 1912. I I 1,049, 31, Patented Jan. 7, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 Alifarkey A. P. WHITE. BUILDING MATERIAL. APPLICATION FILED 11.4, 1.9127

'1,049,- 31, Patented Jan. 1913.-

2 al'mmvsnnnr 2.

Allomey ALEXANDER P. WHITE, F CALDWELL, NEW JERSEY.

BUILDING MATERIAL. I

- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. '7, 1913.

Application filed April 4, 1912. Serial No. 688,490.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER P. WHITE,

'a citizen of the United States, residing at 'Caldwell, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Building Material, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a new and practical composite material for different uses in building construction, and more particularly for reinforcing concrete bodies, such as walls, floors, partitions, and other structural parts. I

To this end, the invention has in view the production of a composite building material embodying in its organization a stone-permeated body sheet or sheets of fibrous material, and metallic members carried with the body sheet and projecting therefrom to constitute metal-ribs for reinforcing the concrete structure.

The object of the invention is to simplify,

=improve'and cheapen building construction,

by providing a new and substantial composite material of paper, artificial stone, and

metal, which can be formed or produced in certain shapes, easily transported, and readily adapted to be put into position without special skill.

The present applicatioirinclude's subject matter divided from the parent copending application filed August 7 1911, Serial No.

siesta Though susceptible of embodiment in various forms, and capable of use in difierent ways, certain preferred and practical forms of the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l is a sectional perspective view of a section of composite building material embodying the present invention, and illustrating' that form thereof, wherein the metal reinforce members constitute the ribs of the sheet and are arranged for engagement by a cementitious substance. Fig. 2 is a similar view of another form of the invention wherein the metal reinforce members are in the form of flanged channels through which extend secondary metallic rods to brace the structure. Fig. 3 is a perspective view illustrating the application of the invention, showing the design represented by Fig. 2 resting on the flanges of I beams, ready.for the concrete to be poured in to .form the floor. Fig. 4; is? detail view in perspective,

showing another form of the ir vent-ion wherein angle pieces are employed to prov de the metal ribs. Fig. 5 is ,a-perspective View of another form of the invention wherein the projecting metal ribs may be held upon the fibrous body sheet by paper or equivalent retaining strips. Fig. 6 1s a view similar to Fig. 5 illustrating the expedient body material A of suitable thickness and I porosity is selected. This body material preferably consists of a sheet or sheets of paper which is subjected to treatment in a liquid form of artificial stone, thus to combine the stone and paper by permeation, and before the liquid form of stone sets or dries it is preferable and desirable to subject the stone-permeated fibrous material'to pressure in a press, and thus by this instrumentality to effect an intimate union or amalgamation of the stone with the paper. nection, it is also preferableand desirable to maintain a pressure on the stone-permeated fibrous material while the same is drying.

In this con- I The artificial stone solution, by going into stone. 'As an example, one composition thatmay be'utilized for this purpose is one consisting of a solution of silicate of soda, in-

fusorial earth and oxid of zinc.-

In the several illustrations, I have shown substitute for the A notice formsor molds,

then placed on the wooden forms and the 2of can be placed on the top of the I beams, to

the article.

Fig. lot the drawings,

concrete poured over them, the woodwork being removed after the and hardened.

In Fig. l, I show how the tension members may be combined with the composite material and no other form will be required to hold the concrete. In this figure, A represents the paper and stone, B the tension member, and C a cross rod of metal to brace the composite structure.

By Fig. 3', I illustrate how the article of the invention may be placed on the flanges of parallel I beams preparatory to the pour:- ing of the concrete. It is obvious that it concrete has set serve the same purpose when it is-desired to arrange the floor above the beams. In Fig. 2, I show a type in which the main metallic members consist of channels formed of sheet metal. These channels have been provided with .holes through which rods E have been passed to strength- I en the product.

Itis of course obviousthat if additional or heavier reinforcement is required for the concrete body, other supplemental reinforcement can be supplied by laying bars,

' rods or other forms of metal on the composite material in the same manner as such reinforces are placed on the temporary wooden supports.

, Especially when the material is to be used in connection with the installation of concrete, I refer to carry the treatment another step i iirther, by immersing the article in a solution of the same character described above, but preferably not so thick. The eflect of this treatment is to superimpose on the stone-permeated paper a coatmg, ofpure artificial stone, and strengthen Referring to additional structural details in certain forms of the invention, it will be observed that in the design shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, the metal tension members or ribs, designated D, are in the form of hollow flanged channels, the flanges d. of which provide tangs that are engaged by the body material so as to fasten the metallic members or ribs to such body material. Also, in this design, the supplemental elements, designated E, are in the form of rods that are passed through holes in the channels D above the tangs or flanges thereof, thereby acting as braces and also giving a desirable reinforcement to the structure.

In the form of the invention shown in the metal tension members or ribs, designated F. are shown as put in place, a false tion consisting of angle strips or bars, having tan parts f that are engaged by the body A, or instance by overlapping an edge pora of such body upon the said tangs, and thus serving to cement them to the body by the stone composition.

In Fig. 5 of the drawings, there is suggested a modification in which the article may consist of a single sheet A of fibrous body material, containing the permeant of artificial stone and carrying, upon one side thereof, projecting metal ribs "G consisting of metal rods which are'held upon the stonepermeated sheet by paper or equivalent retaining strips H. A modification of this construction is illustrated in Fig. 6 and consists in the employment of metal staples I embracing the metal rod or rib G and clenched to the fibrous body sheet, said staples being arranged to act as retainers for holding the metal rods in place.

- In both forms of the invention illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6 of the drawings, it is desir-able to reinforce the article itself by supplemental dipping thereof in a solution of the stone substance after the rods have been attached to the fibrous sheet. In all forms of the invention, however, whether subjected to this supplemental treatment or not, the feature is preserved of having the metal or parts of it projected from the plane of the fibrous body or sheet.

Various other modifications may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, and any suitable means may be employed for forming and assembling of the elements entering into the construction of the article.

I claim 1. A building form consisting of metal ribs and a body of fibrous material in sheet form, said body supporting the metal ribs and containing a pcrmeant of artificial stone.

2. A building form comprising metal ribs and a body of fibrous material in sheet form supporting the said ribs and containing a permeant of artificial stone, the said body and its ribs having a coacting or artificial stone.

3. A building form comprising a body of fibrous material in sheet form containing a permeant of artificial stone, and metal ribs projecting from said body and provided with portions engaged with the body.

4. As an article of manufacture, a structunl element for buildings and the like, consisting of a body of fibrous material in sheet form containing a permeant of artificial stone, and projecting metal ribs having tang portions engaged by the body.

5. As an article of manufacture, a structural element for buildings and the like, consisting of a relatively thin body composed of fibrous material containing a permeant of artificial stone, and a metallic member having a tang-part engaged by the body portion of the structure, and a rib part projecting at one side of the plane of the body portion.

6. As an article of manufacture, a structural element for buildings and the like, consisting of a body of fibrous material' in sheet form, metal ribs carried by the body,

and supplemental metal elements connect- 10 ing said ribs, the'fibrou's material containin a permeant of artificial stone.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my signature in the presence of two witnesses. ALEXANDER P. WHITE. Witnesses:

J. B. DE WOLF, G. A. MCGURK. 

